{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Córdova, Marina M.; Martins, Daniel F.; Silva, Morgana D.; Baggio, Cristiane H.; Carbonero, Elaine R.; Ruthes, Andrea C.; Iacomini, Marcello; Santos, Adair R. S.
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Polysaccharide glucomannan isolated from Heterodermia obscurata attenuates acute and chronic pain in mice
{URL}: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0144861712011472
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Carbohydrate Polymers
{Volume}: 92
{Issue}: 2
{Pages}: 2058-2064
{Date Displayed}: 2013/2/15/
{Alternate Title}: Carbohydrate Polymers
{ISBN/ISSN}: 0144-8617
{Keywords}: Polysaccharide; Nociception; Glutamate; Pro-inflammatory cytokines; Neuropathic pain
{Abstract}: Glucomannan (GM) is a polysaccharide obtained from Heterodermia obscurata lichens. The present study was conducted to elucidate the antinociceptive effect of GM in behavioural models of acute and chronic pain in mice. GM reduced mechanical allodynia and the levels of interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) in spinal cord and nerve in the partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL) model. Systemic treatment with GM inhibited the nociception induced by intraplantar injection of glutamate and by intrathecal injection of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA), (±)-1-aminocyclopentane-trans-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (trans-ACPD), tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and IL-1β. Taken together, our data demonstrate that GM has significant antinociceptive effect in acute and chronic pain, suggesting a potential interest in the development of new clinically relevant drugs for the management of pain.

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Li, Xiaoyu; Wang, Zhenyu; Wang, Lu
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Polysaccharide of Hohenbuehelia serotina as a defense against damage by whole-body gamma irradiation of mice
{URL}: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0144861713001537
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Carbohydrate Polymers
{Volume}: 94
{Issue}: 2
{Pages}: 829-835
{Date Displayed}: 2013/5/15/
{Alternate Title}: Carbohydrate Polymers
{ISBN/ISSN}: 0144-8617
{Keywords}: Hohenbuehelia serotina; Polysaccharide; Antioxidant activity; Immunomodulation activity; Radioprotective effect
{Abstract}: This study was designed to investigate the antioxidant, immunomodulation and radioprotective activities of the polysaccharides from Hohenbuehelia serotina (HSP) against the damages induced by 60Co-radiation in vivo. Antioxidant results showed that the mice treated with HSP could effectively increase the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and reduce the malondialdehyde (MDA) level after 6 Gy irradiation compared to irradiated, non-treated controls. Administration with HSP (200 mg/kg BW) significantly promote the proliferation of splenocytes (p < 0.01), and prevent the number of the blood WBC decrease and the function of hematopoietic decline which caused by irradiation in whole blood. HSP displayed strong immunomodulation activity in vivo, and the effect was further verified by the assay of monocyte phagocytosis. In addition, HSP significantly inhibit irradiation-induced spleen cells arrest into G0/G1 phase. These results suggested that HSP exerts an effective protection against radiation-induced injury by improving the antioxidant and immunomodulation activities.

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Košťálová, Zuzana; Hromádková, Zdenka; Ebringerová, Anna; Polovka, Martin; Michaelsen, Terje Einar; Paulsen, Berit Smestad
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Polysaccharides from the Styrian oil-pumpkin with antioxidant and complement-fixing activity
{URL}: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926669012002191
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Industrial Crops and Products
{Volume}: 41
{Pages}: 127-133
{Date Displayed}: 2013/1//
{Alternate Title}: Industrial Crops and Products
{ISBN/ISSN}: 0926-6690
{Keywords}: Oil-pumpkin; Pectin; Structure; Antioxidant; Immunomodulatory activity
{Abstract}: Pectic polysaccharides have attracted great attention due to their health-promoting potential. From the Styrian oil-pumpkin biomass representing an alternative pectin source, two series of acidic polysaccharide fractions were isolated using in succession hot water, EDTA and dilute HCl. Chemical and spectroscopic (FTIR, NMR) analyses of the fractions revealed the predominance of partially methylesterified and acetylated pectins containing homogalacturonan and ramified rhamnogalacturonan elements, and a minority of phenolic compounds, protein and hemicelluloses. The pectins exhibited moderate antioxidant activities tested by colorimetric DPPH and FRAP assays and EPR method. The activities correlated with the total phenolic content. In the complement-fixing test, most of the pectin fractions exhibited potent effects comparable to the positive control – a pectin from Plantago major. The oil-pumpkin pectins represent potential antioxidant and immunoenhancing additives applicable in food and nutraceuticals.

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Wang, Yali; Zhao, Yu; Andrae-Marobela, K.; Okatch, H.; Xiao, Jianbo
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Tea polysaccharides as food antioxidants: An old woman’s tale?
{URL}: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030881461201638X
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Food Chemistry
{Volume}: 138
{Issue}: 2–3
{Pages}: 1923-1927
{Date Displayed}: 2013/6/1/
{Alternate Title}: Food Chemistry
{ISBN/ISSN}: 0308-8146
{Keywords}: Tea; Polysaccharides; Antioxidants; EGCG; Free radical scavenging
{Abstract}: The crude polysaccharides from tea leaves (TPS) looks like have good antioxidant activities. However, whether or not the antioxidant abilities of crude TPS depend on tea polyphenols in the crude TPS is not understand. Herein, TPS fractions were isolated from crude TPS and their antioxidant activities were compared. The crude TPS showed stronger antioxidant activities than that of TPS fractions. However, EGCG (6.15 μg/mL) significantly enhanced DPPH radical scavenging potential of TPS fractions for each dose. Moreover, EGCG (8.0 μg/mL) significantly improved the reducing power of TPS fractions. EGCG causes a synergistic increase in the antioxidant activities of TPS fractions. The antioxidant activities of dextrans in the absence and presence of EGCG were investigated to illustrate that the antioxidant activities of TPS is similar to dextrans. These results illustrated that TPS fractions hardly exhibited antioxidant activities and tea polyphenols are the major antioxidant in the crude TPS. TPS as food antioxidants is an old woman’s tale.