{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Barros, Lillian; Pereira, Carla; Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R.
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Optimized Analysis of Organic Acids in Edible Mushrooms from Portugal by Ultra Fast Liquid Chromatography and Photodiode Array Detection
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: FOOD ANALYTICAL METHODS
{Volume}: 6
{Issue}: 1
{Pages}: 309-316
{ISBN/ISSN}: 1936-9751
{Keywords}: WILD MUSHROOMS; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; COMMERCIAL MUSHROOMS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; FREE-RADICALS; NUTRACEUTICALS; TOCOPHEROLS; NUTRIENTS; COOKING; Edible mushrooms; UFLC-PAD; Analysis optimization; Organic acids
{Abstract}: Organic acid profiles of different mushroom species were obtained by ultra fast liquid chromatography, by means of photodiode array detector. The chromatographic separation was achieved using a SphereClone (Phenomenex) reverse phase C-18 column using an isocratic elution with sulphuric acid (3.6 mM) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. All the compounds were separated in 8 min. The method was optimized using Agaricus bisporus sample and proved to be reproducible and accurate. Organic acid profiles were quite homogeneous for all mushroom samples; oxalic, malic and fumaric acids were the main organic acids; some samples also presented quinic and citric acids. Sarcondon imbricatus was the species that presented the highest total content (254.09 mg/g dry weight (dw)), while Bovista nigrescens presented the lowest concentration (1.33 mg/g dw). The high amounts of organic acids present in all the species may suggest that they could be related to the antioxidant activity found in these species and previously reported by us.
{Author Address}: Inst Politecn Braganca, CIMO Escola Super Agr, P-5301855 Braganca, Portugal; Inst Politecn Braganca, CIMO Escola Super Agr, P-5301855 Braganca, Portugal; Inst Politecn Braganca, CIMO Escola Super Agr, P-5301855 Braganca, Portugal
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Portugal

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Petlevski, R.; Flajs, D.; Kalođera, Z.; Zovko Končić, M.
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Composition and antioxidant activity of aqueous and ethanolic Pelargonium radula extracts
{URL}: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0254629912001846
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: South African Journal of Botany
{Volume}: 85
{Issue}: 0
{Pages}: 17-22
{Date Displayed}: 2013/3//
{Alternate Title}: South African Journal of Botany
{ISBN/ISSN}: 0254-6299
{Keywords}: Antioxidant; Diabetes; Lactate dehydrogenase; Pelargonium radula; Polyphenols
{Abstract}: Abstract
Pelargonium radula (Cav.) L'Hér is a plant with hypoglycaemic properties originating from South Africa. Since oxidative stress plays a major role in the development of diabetic complications, the aim of this study was to evaluate if P. radula, besides its glucose-lowering properties, can have additional beneficial effects on diabetes. For preparation of extracts fresh or dried leaves were extracted at 20 °C with either ethanol or water. Since P. radula is commercially cultivated for its essential oil, the residues obtained after steam distillation of essential oil from dry or fresh leaves were also included in the investigation. Content of phenols (total phenols, flavonoids and tannins) was determined in the extracts. Antioxidant activity was established as radical scavenging and chelating activity, reducing power and activity in β-carotene-linoleic acid assay. To establish possible intracellular effects of the extracts, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was determined in Hep G2 cells with glucose induced oxidative stress. All the extracts were found to possess antioxidant activities and were able to reduce LDH leakage from Hep G2 cells. In addition to having excellent extraction yields the residues obtained after steam distillation of essential oil showed the most pronounced antioxidant activity in our study. The results of the present study suggest that P. radula leaf might be useful as complementary therapy in diabetes.

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Zouari, Sami; Ketata, Mouna; Boudhrioua, Nourhene; Ammar, Emna
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Allium roseum L. volatile compounds profile and antioxydant activity for chemotype discrimination – Case study of the wild plant of Sfax (Tunisia)
{URL}: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926669012002105
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Industrial Crops and Products
{Volume}: 41
{Issue}: 0
{Pages}: 172-178
{Date Displayed}: 2013/1//
{Alternate Title}: Industrial Crops and Products
{ISBN/ISSN}: 0926-6690
{Keywords}: Allium roseum; Essential oil; Chemical composition; Farnesol; Antioxidant activity
{Abstract}: This study deals with the chemical composition and antioxidant activities of Allium roseum L. a chemotype growing wild in Tunisia, to evidence new bioactive natural compounds in its flower essential oil, and to investigate possible antioxidative methanolic leaves extract properties. This essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The main compounds were butylated hydroxytoluene, eugenol, farnesol, dimethyl trisulfide, methyl 2-propenyl trisulfide, Z-9-octadecenoic acid and tricosane found at respectively 10.0%, 8.4%, 6.9%, 6.1%, 5.3%, 5.2% and 4.8%. Moreover, 1-oxa-4,6-diazacyclooctane-5-thione (3.9%) was isolated for the first time in the Tunisian A. roseum, especially in the country central area (Sfax City). The methanolic leaves extract had antioxidant activities, assessed by two complementary tests: the DPPH radical-scavenging and the reducing power essays, when compared with those of butylated hydroxy anisole and ascorbic acid. These antioxidant activities and the essential oil profile would be a fingerprint for chemotype discrimination.

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Kaur, Charanjit; Walia, Suresh; Nagal, Shweta; Walia, Shweta; Singh, Jashbir; Singh, Braj Bhushan; Saha, Supradip; Singh, Balraj; Kalia, Pritam; Jaggi, Seema; Sarika
{Year}: 2013
{Title}: Functional quality and antioxidant composition of selected tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L) cultivars grown in Northern India
{URL}: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0023643812002708
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: LWT - Food Science and Technology
{Volume}: 50
{Issue}: 1
{Pages}: 139-145
{Date Displayed}: 2013/1//
{Alternate Title}: LWT - Food Science and Technology
{ISBN/ISSN}: 0023-6438
{Keywords}: Antioxidant activity; Lycopene; Quercetin; S.  pimpinellifolium; Tomato
{Abstract}: Ten commercial and three exotic/wild cultivars (cvs) grown under Indian conditions were analyzed for variations in lycopene, β-carotene, total phenolics, quercetin, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity (AOX). AOX was measured using three in  vitro assays namely ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays. The lycopene content in tomato cvs ranged from 4.31 to 5.97  mg/100  g fw. The wild/exotic cvs had exceptionally high total phenolic content (141.98  mg/100  g fw), quercetin (56  μg/g fw) and total AOX (5.39  μmol  TE/g fw). Solanum pimpinellifolium, with nearly six times lycopene content than commercial cvs, may serve as the most desirable gene pool in breeding programmes to develop functional tomatoes. Results suggest that TEAC may be more useful than DPPH assay for detecting total AOX in tomatoes.