{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Kushida, T.; Makino, T.; Tomomura, M.; Tomomura, A.; Sakagami, H.
{Year}: 2011
{Title}: Enhancement of Dectin-2 gene expression by lignin-carbohydrate complex from Lentinus edodes mycelia extract (LEM) in a mouse macrophage-like cell line
{URL}: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=21508371&query_hl=1
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Anticancer Res
{Volume}: 31
{Issue}: 4
{Pages}: 1241-8
{Date Displayed}: 2011 Apr
{Date}: 2011-04-01
{Type of Work}: Journal Article
{Accession Number}: 21508371
{Keywords}: Animals; Carbohydrates/*chemistry; Fungal Proteins/*pharmacology; Gene Expression Profiling; Lectins, C-Type/*genetics/*metabolism; Lignin/*metabolism; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology; Macrophages/*metabolism; Mice; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Polysaccharides/*pharmacology; Principal Component Analysis; Tumor Markers, Biological/*genetics/metabolism; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics/metabolism
{Abstract}: BACKGROUND: Lignin fractions of Lentinus edodes mycelia extract (LEM) have shown   anti-HIV and immunopotentiating activity. However, the action point of lignin-carbohydrate complex has not been elucidated. In order to elucidate their   action point, DNA microarray analysis was performed, using mouse macrophage-like   J774.1 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: RNA was isolated with Qiagen RNeasy Plus Mini kit, hydridized with GeneChip MouseGene 1.0 ST arrays, and scanned with Affymetrix GeneChip Command Console software. RESULTS: One of the seven lignin-carbohydrate fractions isolated from LEM (Fr4) enhanced the expression of   dectin-2 (4.2-fold) and toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 (2.5-fold) prominently, but only slightly modified the expression of dectin-1 (0.8-fold), complement receptor 3 (0.9-fold), TLR1, 3, 4, 9 and 13 (0.8- to 1.7-fold), spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)b, zeta-chain (TCR) associated 70 kDa protein kinase (Zap70), Janus tyrosine kinase (Jak)2 (1.0- to 1.2-fold), nuclear factor (Nf)small ka, Cyrillicb1, NFsmall ka, Cyrillicb2, reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog (Rel)a, Relb (1.0- to 1.6-fold), Nfsmall ka, Cyrillicbia, Nfsmall ka, Cyrillicbib, Nfsmall ka, Cyrillicbie, Nfsmall ka, Cyrillicbil2 and Nfsmall ka, Cyrillicbiz (0.8- to 2.3-fold). On the other hand, lipopolysaccharide did not affect the expression of dectin-2 or TLR-2. CONCLUSION: These data suggest the significant role of the activation of the dectin-2 signaling pathway in the action of lignin-carbohydrate complex on macrophages.
{Author Address}: NalaPro Technologies, Inc. Tokyo, Japan.
{Language}: eng

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Kawano, M.; Thet, M. M.; Makino, T.; Kushida, T.; Sakagami, H.
{Year}: 2010
{Title}: DNA microarray analysis of signaling pathway in macrophages stimulated by lignin-carbohydrate complex from lentinus edodes mycelia (LEM) extract
{URL}: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=20682984&query_hl=1
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: Anticancer Res
{Volume}: 30
{Issue}: 7
{Pages}: 2567-76
{Date Displayed}: 2010 Jul
{Date}: 2010-07-01
{Type of Work}: Journal Article
{Accession Number}: 20682984
{Keywords}: Animals; Cell Line; Cluster Analysis; Gene Expression/drug effects; Lignin/analysis/isolation & purification/*pharmacology; Lipopolysaccharides/analysis/pharmacology; Macrophages/*drug effects/immunology/metabolism; Mice; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis/methods; Principal Component Analysis; Shiitake Mushrooms/*chemistry; Signal Transduction/drug effects; Stimulation, Chemical; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
{Abstract}: In order to investigate the action point of lignin-carbohydrate complex (Fr4) from Lentinus edodes mycelia extract, DNA microarray analysis was performed, using mouse macrophage-like J774.1 cells. Among seven lignin-carbohydrate complex fractions, Fr4 showed the highest stimulatory activity of tumor necrosis factor production by mouse macrophage-like J774.1 cells, as well as its previously reported anti-HIV activity. Fr4 is composed of lignin precursors such as vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid, with trace amounts of flavonoids and tannins, and negligible amount of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), confirming the authenticity of Fr4 as a lignin. DNA microarray analysis suggested that Fr4 may affect immune response-related gene expression; however, it may not   affect the expression of as many genes as LPS does.
{Author Address}: MPL, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Saitama, Japan.
{Language}: eng

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Kushida, Tatsuya; Makino, Tohru; Tomomura, Mineko; Tomomura, Akito; Sakagami, Hiroshi
{Year}: 2011
{Title}: Enhancement of Dectin-2 Gene Expression by Lignin-Carbohydrate Complex from Lentinus edodes Mycelia Extract (LEM) in a Mouse Macrophage-like Cell Line
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: ANTICANCER RESEARCH
{Volume}: 31
{Issue}: 4
{Pages}: 1241-1248
{ISBN/ISSN}: 0250-7005
{Keywords}: CULTURE-MEDIUM; LIVER-INJURY; RECOGNITION; POLYSACCHARIDE; FRACTIONS; Microarray analysis; dectin-2 gene expression; signaling pathway; macrophage; lignin-carbohydrate complex; LPS; LEM
{Abstract}: Background: Lignin fractions of Lentinus edodes mycelia extract (LEM) have shown anti-HIV and immunopotentiating activity. However, the action point of lignin-carbohydrate complex has not been elucidated. In order to elucidate their action point, DNA microarray analysis was performed, using mouse macrophage-like J774.1 cells. Materials and Methods: RNA was isolated with Qiagen RNeasy Plus Mini kit, hydridized with Gene Chip Mouse Gene 1.0 ST arrays, and scanned with Affymetrix GeneChip Command Console software. Results: One of the seven lignin-carbohydrate fractions isolated from LEM (Fr4) enhanced the expression of dectin-2 (4.2-fold) and toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 (2.5-fold) prominently, but only slightly modified the expression of dectin-1 (0.8-fold), complement receptor 3 (0.9-fold), TLR1, 3, 4, 9 and 13 (0.8- to 1.7-fold), spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)b, zeta-chain (TCR) associated 70 kDa protein kinase (Zap 70), Janus tyrosine kinase (Jak)2 (1.0- to 1.2-fold), nuclear factor (Nf)kappa b1, NF kappa b2, reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog (Rel)a, Relb (1.0- to 1.6-fold), Nf kappa bia, Nf kappa bib, Nf kappa bie, Nf kappa bil2 and Nf kappa biz (0.8- to 23-fold). On the other hand, lipopolysaccharide did not affect the expression of dectin-2 or TLR-2. Conclusion: These data suggest the significant role of the activation of the dectin-2 signaling pathway in the action of lignin-carbohydrate complex on macrophages.
{Author Address}: NalaPro Technol Inc, Tokyo, Japan; HumaLab, Tokyo, Japan; Meikai Univ, Sch Dent, MPL, Sakado, Saitama 3500283, Japan; Meikai Univ, Sch Dent, Div Biochem, Sakado, Saitama 3500283, Japan; Meikai Univ, Sch Dent, Div Biochem, Sakado, Saitama 3500283, Japan; Meikai Univ, Sch Dent, Div Pharmacol, Sakado, Saitama 3500283, Japan; Meikai Univ, Sch Dent, MPL, Sakado, Saitama 3500283, Japan
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Japan; Japan; Japan; Japan; Japan

{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Author}: Seki, Takahiro; Maeda, Hiroshi
{Year}: 2010
{Title}: Cancer Preventive Effect of Kumaizasa Bamboo Leaf Extracts Administered Prior to Carcinogenesis or Cancer Inoculation
{Tag}: 0
{Star}: 0
{Journal}: ANTICANCER RESEARCH
{Volume}: 30
{Issue}: 1
{Pages}: 111-118
{ISBN/ISSN}: 0250-7005
{Keywords}: LIPID PEROXYL RADICALS; PHYLLOSTACHYS-EDULIS; HETEROCYCLIC AMINES; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; GRIFOLA-FRONDOSA; SOLID TUMOR; HEME-IRON; IN-VITRO; GENERATION; POLYSACCHARIDE; Bamboo leaf extract; anticarcinogenesis effect; breast cancer; pretreatment; cancer prevention; tumor growth suppression
{Abstract}: Background: Kumaizasa bamboo found in Hokkaido is used for traditional medicine in Japan. The cancer preventive effect of vigorous (multistep) hot water extract of Kumaizasa was examined in relation to immunological conditioning and free radical scavenging activity. Materials and Methods: Cytokine induction in mice, free radical scavenging activity in vitro, and cancer preventive effect by oral administration of the vigorous extracts prior to tumor implantation or carcinogenesis by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) were examined. Results: In tumor inoculated mouse models (S-180 sarcoma, Meth-A fibrosarcoma, B16-F10 melanoma), the vigorous extracts from Kumaizasa bamboo leaves suppressed tumor growth and prolonged survival significantly. In the chemical carcinogenesis model suppression of cancer incidence on day 100, tumor size and survival time were significantly improved with the vigorous extract, at/or above 0.03% in the diet, when given two weeks prior to the administration of the carcinogen. Conclusion: The vigorous extracts of bamboo leaf show immunopotentiating and radical scavenging effects and administration prior to carcinogen exposure or tumor inoculation significantly suppresses tumor incidence and tumor growth and prolongs survival.
{Author Address}: Kumamoto Univ, Innovat Collaborat Org, Kumamoto 8608555, Japan; Sojo Univ, Lab Microbiol & Oncol, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Kumamoto 8600082, Japan; Kumamoto Univ, BioDynam Res Lab, Reg Collaborat Res Lab, Kumamoto 8608555, Japan
{Database Provider}: Web of Science SCI
{Language}: English
{Country}: Japan; Japan; Japan